Endocrine Abstracts

Food intake is centrally regulated in hypothalamic nuclei. Peripheral hormonal signals activate their corresponding receptors in the arcuate nucleus (arc) and modulate the expression of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and neuropetide Y (NPY)/agouti-related-protein (AgRP). Cleavage products of POMC stimulate melanocortin-4-receptors (MC4R) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to inhibit food intake or stimulate MC3Rs in the arc to activate a feedback loop. Further mor...

Background: Obesity is a rising problem in developed and developing countries. Currently little is known about prevalence and prognosis of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents in Europe.Patients and methods: About 491 obese children (mean-age 11.2 years; mean-BMI 30.3 kg/m2) were examined (lipid-profile; blood pressure, insulin-resistance1) and in 102 of them with risk factors for type 2 diabe...